NURS 6052 EVIDENCE-BASED PROJECT, PART 2: ADVANCED LEVELS OF CLINICAL INQUIRY AND SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS

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Introduction

Nurses play an important role in the promotion of the optimum health and wellbeing of their populations. They utilize evidence-based interventions to ensure the optimization of the care outcomes for their patients. The selected clinical issue of focus in my project is depression. Depression is a mental health problem with increasing prevalence globally and the USA too. It has severe health impacts that include loss of productivity, poor quality of life, increased care costs, and premature mortality. It is important for nurses and other healthcare providers to implement interventions that enhance depression management in the affected populations. As a result, my project proposes the use of telehealth interventions to improve depression symptoms among the affected populations. Telehealth is an effective approach that will enhance care outcomes that include safety, efficiency, and quality.

Development of PICOT Question

I developed the PICOT question by following a series of steps. The first step was identify the clinical issue of interest. I examined clinical issues with increasing rates and severe population impacts. The second step was identifying the population. The identified population is patients affected by depression. The third step was reviewing the existing literature to identify an effective and innovative intervention, which can be used to improve outcomes in the selected population. This step led to the identification of telehealth as the intervention. The other step was identifying a control or comparison which would provide a clear understanding of the effect of the intervention. The next step was developing measurable outcomes for the project and timeline. ​

Research Databases

Four databases were searched for relevant literature on the use of telehealth in depression management. They included CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, and Cochrane. The search terms used included Telehealth, telehealth in depression, telehealth and depression outcomes, and effectiveness of telehealth in depression management. The selected articles must have been published over the last five years and written in English language.

APA Citations

  • Scott, A. M., Clark, J., Greenwood, H., Krzyzaniak, N., Cardona, M., Peiris, R., Sims, R., & Glasziou, P. (2022). Telehealth v. face-to-face provision of care to patients with depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine, 52(14), 2852–2860. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291722002331​
  • Six, S. G., Byrne, K. A., Tibbett, T. P., & Pericot-Valverde, I. (2021). Examining the Effectiveness of Gamification in Mental Health Apps for Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JMIR Mental Health, 8(11), e32199. https://doi.org/10.2196/32199​
  • Tang, Y., Gierc, M., Lam, R. W., Liu, S., & Faulkner, G. (2022). The Effectiveness of Internet-Guided Self-help Interventions to Promote Physical Activity Among Individuals With Depression: Systematic Review. JMIR Mental Health, 9(12), e38049. https://doi.org/10.2196/38049​
  • Zhao, L., Chen, J., Lan, L., Deng, N., Liao, Y., Yue, L., Chen, I., Wen, S. W., & Xie, R. (2021). Effectiveness of Telehealth Interventions for Women With Postpartum Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 9(10), e32544. https://doi.org/10.2196/32544

Levels of Evidence

The selected studies had different levels of evidence. The study by Six et al., (2021) had level 5 evidence while the rest have level 1 evidence. Six et al., (2022) provides level 5 evidence since it is a systematic review of descriptive and qualitative studies while the rest of the studies have level 1 evidence since they are systematic and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials and quasi experimental studies.

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