Formatting the Reference List in APL Materials

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Formatting the Reference List in APL Materials

APL Materials requires references to be formatted consistently and listed numerically in the order they appear in the text. Each reference should contain author names, article title, journal name (abbreviated), volume number, page number, and year in the format specified below.

General Formatting Rules:

  • Author names are written as Last name, Initials (e.g., Smith, J. K.).

  • Only the first word and proper nouns are capitalized in article and book titles.

  • Journal titles are italicized and abbreviated following official journal abbreviations.

  • Use DOIs when available for online journal articles.

  • No quotation marks around titles, and no period at the end of DOIs.

Example References:

  • Journal Article:
    Smith, J. K., and Doe, A. L., Adv. Mater. 20, 1234 (2020).

  • Book:
    Johnson, M. T., “Nanomaterials and Applications,” Springer, Berlin (2018).

  • Conference Paper:
    Lee, P. R., Proc. IEEE Int. Conf. Nanotech., 45-50 (2019).

Each entry should be formatted with hanging indentation, ensuring a professional and readable reference list.

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