Atticus Finch’s Views on Gender and How They Change Throughout the Novel
Atticus Finch’s Views on Gender and How They Change Throughout the Novel
Atticus Finch, the moral center of To Kill a Mockingbird, embodies the ideals of justice, integrity, and fairness. Throughout the novel, his views on gender reveal both his progressive tendencies and the limitations of his time. As a father, Atticus encourages his children to think critically, embrace individuality, and question societal norms, including the traditional roles assigned to men and women. However, while Atticus challenges some aspects of gender inequality, his views on gender remain shaped by the social structures of his time, leading to an evolving understanding of gender throughout the course of the novel.
At the start of the novel, Atticus’s views on gender are largely shaped by his progressive beliefs about equality and fairness. He encourages his children, particularly Scout, to reject the traditional expectations placed on girls in Maycomb. Atticus does not pressure Scout to behave in a “ladylike” manner or conform to the traditional feminine ideals of the time. Instead, he supports her tomboyish nature and allows her to engage in activities typically reserved for boys, such as running, climbing trees, and playing with Jem. This progressive stance on gender reflects Atticus’s broader belief in equality, as he sees no reason why girls should be restricted by the same gender norms that confine boys.
Despite his progressive views, Atticus’s understanding of gender is not entirely free from the constraints of the time. While he encourages his children to think for themselves and to challenge societal norms, he still adheres to certain expectations of masculinity and femininity in his role as a father and a lawyer. For instance, Atticus’s decision to defend Mayella Ewell in the trial of Tom Robinson reveals his recognition of the gendered expectations that society imposes on women. Mayella’s vulnerability as a woman, particularly in the deeply patriarchal society of Maycomb, is used by Atticus as a way to garner sympathy from the jury. This strategy reflects the complex intersection of gender, race, and class, and highlights how deeply ingrained gender roles continue to shape even the most progressive individuals.
As the novel progresses and Atticus becomes more deeply involved in the trial of Tom Robinson, his views on gender become more nuanced. He begins to understand that gender, like race, is a social construct that influences how people are perceived and treated by others. While Atticus continues to uphold his belief in gender equality, he also realizes that the gender roles in Maycomb are powerful forces that cannot be easily ignored. This realization becomes evident in his interactions with Mayella Ewell, whom he defends despite knowing that her accusation against Tom is likely false. Atticus’s treatment of Mayella in court reveals his recognition of the constraints of gender and how societal expectations limit women’s choices and agency.
By the end of the novel, Atticus’s views on gender evolve as he reflects on the outcome of the trial and the broader societal injustices that plague Maycomb. He comes to understand that while he may have fought for justice in the courtroom, the deeply entrenched gender roles of the community still dictate how women are treated and how their voices are heard. Atticus’s growing awareness of the limitations of gender roles parallels his evolving understanding of race, as he realizes that change is difficult and that individuals must challenge deeply ingrained societal structures in order to create a more just and equal world.
Ultimately, Atticus’s journey reflects the complexities of navigating gender roles in a deeply divided society. While he is a progressive figure who encourages his children to reject traditional gender norms, he is also a product of his time, and his understanding of gender is shaped by the social realities of his era. Through his evolving views on gender, Lee demonstrates the challenges of balancing personal morality with the constraints of societal expectations and highlights the importance of continued growth and self-reflection in the pursuit of justice and equality.
