Common errors when preparing for an interview

While thorough preparation is key, there are several common errors that researchers may encounter during the interview preparation process.

Overloading the interview guide

One of the most frequent mistakes is creating an interview guide that is too long or packed with too many questions. This can overwhelm participants and limit the depth of their responses. A well-prepared interview guide focuses on key themes and leaves room for follow-up questions, allowing participants to explore their thoughts more fully.

Failing to account for ethical concerns

Ethical considerations are often underestimated during preparation. Researchers may overlook the need for informed consent or underestimate the emotional impact of certain topics. Ensuring that participants understand their rights and the purpose of the study, along with obtaining approval from IRBs or ethics committees, is essential for conducting ethical interviews.

Neglecting rapport-building

Some researchers may jump straight into the interview questions without establishing rapport with the participant. This can create an overly formal or uncomfortable environment where participants may hesitate to share personal insights. Taking time to build trust at the start of the interview leads to more meaningful and open conversations.

Ignoring logistical issues

Poor logistical planning can disrupt the flow of an interview. For instance, technical difficulties during remote interviews, background noise, or interruptions can affect the participant’s comfort and willingness to share. Overlooking these details can undermine the effectiveness of the interview.

Conclusion

Effective interview preparation in qualitative research requires a balance between understanding the research topic, designing thoughtful questions, and planning the logistical and ethical aspects of the process. Researchers can conduct interviews that yield rich, insightful data by avoiding common errors such as overloading the interview guide, leading participants, or neglecting rapport. Properly prepared interviews enhance the quality of the research and ensure a respectful and ethical experience for participants.

References

Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods (5th ed.). Oxford University Press. https://global.oup.com/academic/product/social-research-methods-9780199689453
Gerson, K., & Damaske, S. (2020). The science and art of interviewing. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199324286.001.0001
Marecek, J., & Magnusson, E. (2015). Doing interview-based qualitative research: A learner’s guide. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781107449893.005